Atrai River
Atrai River (also spelt as Atreyee) (Bengali: আত্রাই/আত্রেই
নদী) flows in West Bengal and northern parts of Bangladesh.
In ancient times the river was called Atrei and finds a
mention in the Mahabharata. It is linked with Karatoya
River. It originates in West Bengal and then after flowing
through Dinajpur District of Bangladesh, it enters India
again. It passes through Kumarganj and Balurghat community
development blocks in Dakshin Dinajpur district. The river
then re-enters Bangladesh. It splits into two rivers -
the Gabura and the Kankra in Dinajpur district. It crosses
the Barind Tract and flows into Chalan Beel. The river
serves as a perennial source of fishing, even though it
is often the cause of flooding in many areas during monsoons.
Total length of this river is approximately 240 miles (390
km). Maximum depth of river is 99 feet (30 m).
Balu River
The Balu is a river of Bangladesh. It runs mainly through
the swamps of Beel Belai and that east of Dhaka, joining
the Shitalakshya near Demra. During the flood season, the
Balu is of importance for local drainage and access by
small boats.
Bangali River
The Bangali River (Bengali: বাঙালি নদী) is one of the
main rivers in the northern part of Bangladesh (commonly
known as North Bengal). As of 2007, the river is in
the news because of the possibility that it might merge
with the Jamuna River, which could lead to major changes
in the geography of the region. The Bangali River originates
as a distributary of Teesta River in Nilphamari District.
The river flows as the Ghaghot River from its source
to Gaibandha, where it splits into two branches – one
moves towards the west as the "Ghaghot" and
empties into the Karatoya River at Sherpur, Bogra District;
the other section of the Bangali River flows to the
south and subsequently breaks into two sections in
Bogra. These two sections join the Jamuna and Karatoa.
There are a number of distributaries of the Bangali
River such as the Belal, Manosh, Modhukhali, Ichamoti,
and Volka among others. These distributaries often
dry up in the winter season.
Baral River
Baral (Bengali: বড়াল) river is one of the offshoots
of the Ganges, starts its journey at Charghat Upazila
or Rajshahi District of Bangladesh. The Baral flows
through Natore and Pabna meets with the Gumani at the
east of Bangura and finally meets with the Hurasagar
after joining with the Karatoya south of Shahjadpur.
The river is approximately 147 kilometers long and
410 feet (120 m) wide and 20 feet (6.1 m) deep on average.
The river receives water from the Ganges only in the
monsoon season. But it maintains its flow throughout
the year with local runoff water and water from chalan
beel. Its drainage area is about 230 km². Some important
places located on the banks of the Baral are: Charghat;
Baraigram, Bagatipara, Gurudaspur, Chatmohor, Bhangura
and Bera. The Baral Bridge is located on this river
at Bhangura Upazila.
Biskhali River
The Biskhali is a river of Bangladesh. The river flows
through Barguna District.
Brahmaputra River
The Brahmaputra, also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra, is
a trans-boundary river and one of the major rivers
of Asia. From its origin in southwestern Tibet as the
Yarlung Zangbo River, it flows across southern Tibet
to break through the Himalayas in great gorges and
into Arunachal Pradesh where it is known as Dihang.
It flows southwest through the Assam Valley as Brahmaputra
and south through Bangladesh as the Jamuna. There it
merges with the Ganges to form a vast delta. About
1,800 miles (2,900 km) long, the river is an important
source for irrigation and transportation. Its upper
course was long unknown, and its identity with the
Yarlung Tsangpo was only established by exploration
in 1884-86. This river is often called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra
river. The average depth of river is 124 feet (38 m)
and maximum depth is 380 feet (120 m). In Bangladesh
the river merges with the Ganges and splits into two:
the Padma and Meghna River. When it merges with the
Ganges it forms the world's largest delta, the Sunderbans.
The Sunderbans is known for tigers, crocodiles and
mangroves. While most Indian and Bangladeshi rivers
bear female names, this river has a rare male name,
as it means "son of Brahma" in Sanskrit (putra
means "son").
The Brahmaputra is navigable for most of its length.
The lower part reaches are sacred to Hindus. The river
is prone to catastrophic flooding in spring when the
Himalayan snows melt. It is also one of the few rivers
in the world that exhibit a tidal bore.
Bura Gauranga River
The Bura Gauranga River is located in the Patuakhali
district in Bangladesh.
Buriganga River
The Buriganga River (Bangla: বুড়িগঙ্গা Buŗigônga "Old
Ganges") is the main river flowing beside Dhaka
city, capital of Bangladesh. The average depth is 39
feet (12 m) and maximum depth is 93 feet (28 m). In the
distant past, a course of the Ganges river used to reach
the Bay of Bengal through the Dhaleshwari river. This
course gradually shifted and ultimately lost its link
with the main channel of the Ganges and was renamed as
the Buriganga.
Dakatua River
The Dakatua River or Dakatia is a river of Bangladesh
and India. The length of the Dakatia is about 207 km.
It enters the country from India in Comilla district
from Tripura state and is a tributary of the Meghna
River. The source of the river is at Chauddagram Khal,
which connects it with the Little Feni. The river joins
the Meghna at Raipur
Dhaleshwari River
The Dhaleshwari River (Bangla: ধলেশ্বরী Dhôleshshori)
is a 160-km-long distributary of the Jamuna River in
central Bangladesh. It starts off the Jamuna near the
northwestern tip of Tangail District. After that it
divides into two branches: the north branch retains
the name Dhaleshwari and merges with the other branch,
the Kaliganga River at the southern part of Manikganj
District. Finally the merged flow meets the Shitalakshya
River near Narayanganj District. This combined flow
goes southwards to merge into the Meghna River. Average
depth of river is 122 feet (37 m) and maximum depth
is 265 feet (81 m).
The Dhaleshwari is presently a branch of the Jamuna but
in the past was probably part of the main course of the
Padma. The course of the Padma has changed considerably
during the period 1600 to 2000 AD. It is difficult to
trace accurately the various channels through which it
has flowed. The probability is that it flowed past Rampur
Boalia, through Chalan Beel, the Dhaleshwari and Buriganga
rivers, past Dhaka into the Meghna estuary. In the 18th
century, the lower course of the river flowed further
south. About the middle of the 19th century the main
volume of the channel flowed through this southern channel
which came to be known as Kirtinasa. Gradually the Padma
adopted its present course
Dhepa River
The Dhepa is a small river in northern Bangladesh. The
river originates from the Atrai river in Mohanpur and
falls into the Punarbhaba. The length of this river
is 40 km.
Feni River
Feni River (Bangla: ফেনী নদী Feni Nodi) is a river in
the Indian state of Tripura and southeastern Bangladesh.
It is a trans-boundary river with an on-going dispute.
Feni River originates in South Tripura district and
flows through Sabroom town and then enters Bangladesh.
It enters Bangladesh at Belchhari in Matiranga Upazila
of Khagrachari District. It flows through Ramgarh Upazila
(Khagrachari), Fatikchhari Upazila (Chittagong) and
then flows along the border of Chittagong (Mirsharai
Upazila) and Feni (Chhagalnaiya Upazila, Feni Sadar
Upazila, Sonagazi Upazila) districts and discharges
into the Bay of Bengal near Sonagazi. The length of
the river is 108 km. The river forms the international
boundary at some points. Muhuri River, also called
Little Feni, from Noakhali District joins it near its
mouth. The river is navigable throughout the year by
small boats up to Ramgarh, some 80 km upstream.
A 3.41-km long closure dam was constructed across the
river in 1965-66 at a cost of 593.5 million takas to
divert the flow through the Feni regulator. It is located
between Mirsharai and Sonagazi, in the Chittagong and
Feni districts respectively. It was constructed to prevent
saline water intrusion from downstream and retain fresh
water upstream for use in the Muhuri Irrigation Project.
Gorai-Madhumati River
The Gorai-Madhumati River (Bangla: গড়াই-মধুমতি Gôŗai-Modhumoti)
is one of the longest rivers in Bangladesh and a tributary
of the Ganges.
Halda River
Halda River is a river in South-Eastern Bangladesh. It
originates at the Badnatali Hill Ranges in Ramgarh
Upazila in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, flows through
Fatikchhari Upazila, Hathazari Upazila, Raozan Upazila
and Chittagong Kotwali Thana, and falls into the Karnaphuli
River. The 81 km long river has a very turbulent tributary,
the Dhurung River, which joins Purba Dhalai about 48.25
km downstream. The river is navigable by big boats
29 km into it (up to Nazirhat) and by small boats 16-24
km further (up to Narayanhat). The Halda river is also
famous for breeding pure Indian carp. This is the only
pure Indian carp breding field of Bangladesh, perhaps
in South Asia.
Jaldhaka River
The Jaldhaka River (Nepali: जलढका Jalḍhaka) is a trans-boundary
river, with a length of 192 kilometres, that originates
in southeastern Sikkim in the eastern Himalayas and
flows through the Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar districts
of West Bengal, India. At that point the river enters
Bangladesh through the Lalmonirhat District and then
joins with the Dharla River until the Dharla debouches
into the Brahmaputra River near the Kurigram District.
Due to the river's wandering over several international
borders, only a small length of the river lies within
Bangladesh.
Jamuna River
The Jamuna River (Bangla: যমুনা Jomuna) is one of the
three main rivers of Bangladesh. It is the main channel
of the Brahmaputra River when it flows out of India
into Bangladesh. The Jamuna flows south, ending its
independent existence as it joins the Padma River (Pôdda)
near Goalundo Ghat. Merged with the Padma (Pôdda),
it meets the Meghna River near Chandpur. Its waters
then flow into the Bay of Bengal as the Meghna River.
The river's average depth is 395 feet (120 m) and maximum
depth is 1,088 feet (332 m). The Jamuna was a barrier
in establishing a direct road link between capital Dhaka
and northern part of Bangladesh better known as Rajshahi
Division until 1996. This was mitigated by the completion
of the Jamuna Multi-Purpose Bridge.
Karnaphuli River
Karnaphuli (Bangla: কর্ণফুলি Kôrnophuli) (also spelt
Karnafuli) is a 667 metres (2,190 ft) wide river in
the south-eastern part of Bangladesh. Originating from
the Lushai hills in Mizoram, India, it flows 270 km
(170 miles) southwest through Chittagong Hill Tracts
and Chittagong into the Bay of Bengal. A large hydroelectric
power plant using Karnaphuli river was built in the
Kaptai region during the 1960s. The mouth of the river
hosts Chittagong sea port, the main port of Bangladesh.
The depth of river is 102 metres (330 ft), in average
and 147 metres (480 ft), on maximum.
Kaptai dam
The Kaptai Dam is the location of the Karnaphuli Hydro-power
station, the only hydro-electric power plant in Bangladesh,
was constructed in Kaptai in 1962. An earth-filled
dam on the Karnaphuli River, the Kaptai Dam created
the Kaptai Lake, which acts as the water reservoir
for the hydropower station. The power plant produces
a total of 230 megawatts of electricity.
Karotoa River
The Karotoa River is a river of Bangladesh. The depth
of river is approximately 6 feet (1.8 m), in origin
of Mahasthangarh, Bogra.
Khowai River
Khowai River originates from the eastern part of the
Atharamura Hills of Hill Tripura in India. Flowing
west and northward, the Khowai enters Bangladesh at
Balla in Sylhet district. The river further flows beside
the east of Habiganj town and debouches into the Meghna
near the mouth of the Kalni at Nabiganj.
Kopothakho River
The Kopothakho River is a river of Bangladesh.
Kushiyara River
The Kushiyara River is one of the many rivers in Bangladesh
that crosses international boundaries. It originates
in the northern hill country of Assam, India and runs
along the border of the Indian states of Nagaland and
Manipur before entering Bangladesh. The total length
of the Kushiyara is about 161 km. The average width
of the river is 830 feet (250 m) and in the rainy season
the mean depth of the Kushiyara reaches up to 33 feet
(10 m), the maximum depth of river is 40 feet (12 m).
The river carries a huge amount of water as well as
sediments from Karimganj in Assam and the hilly areas
of Hill Tripura. The highest and lowest discharges
have been measured at Sherpur amounting to 3,700 cumecs
and 33 cu mecs respectively.
Mahananda River
The Mahananda River (Bangla: মহানন্দা Môhanônda) is a
river the originates in the district of Darjeeling
in West Bengal in the Himalayas. It flows through northern
part of West Bengal, Bihar in India and Bangladesh.
It again enters India in the Malda district of West
Bengal before entering into Bangladesh to join the
Ganges near the town of Chapai Nawabganj. This river
is mainly fed by rainwater. During summer or winter
it has very low water level and during monsoon it carries
large amount of rainwater often causing floods. Some
major places by the side of the river are Siliguri
and Malda both in West Bengal, India. In Bangladesh
this rivers total length is 36 km.
Manu River, Tripura
The Manu River originates in the mountains of Tripura
(India) and plunges downward through dramatic gorges
and steep escarpments until it reaches a broad plain
where it becomes slow and meandering, going northward
until it reaches the Sylhet plains. The river enters
Bangladesh through Kulaura Upazila in Maulvi Bazar
district, when it changes its course to northwest and
north to meet the Kushiyara at Manumuk
Meghna River
The Meghna River (Bengali: মেঘনা নদী) is an important
river in Bangladesh, one of the three that forms the
Ganges Delta, the largest on earth fanning out to the
Bay of Bengal. The Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh
by the joining of different rivers originating from
the hilly regions of eastern India. The river meets
Padma River in Chandpur District. The river ultimately
flows into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District.
The Meghna is the widest river among those that flow
completely inside the boundaries of Bangladesh. At one
point near Bhola, Meghna is 12 km wide. In its lower
reaches this river follows almost a straight line in
its path. Despite its very calm and quiet look, this
river is the cause of many deaths every year. The place
near Chandpur is a very dangerous one. The river's average
depth is 1,012 feet (308 m) and maximum depth is 1,620
feet (490 m)
The Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh by the joining
of different rivers originating from the hilly regions
of eastern India. The Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh
above Bhairab Bazar by the combination of the Surma and
Kushiyara rivers. Down to Chandpur, Meghna is hydrographically
referred to as the Upper Meghna. After the Padma joins,
it is referred to as the Lower Meghna. Near Muladhuli
in Barisal district, the Safipur River is an offshoot
of the Surma that creates one of the main rivers in South
Bengal. 1.5 km wide, this river is one of the widest
in the country as well. This river is the widest in Bangladesh
and one of the widest of the world.
At Ghatalpur of Brahmanbaria District, the river Titas
emerges from Meghna and after circling two large bends
by 240 km, falls into the Meghna again near Nabinagar
Upazila. Titas forms as a single stream but braids into
two distinct streams which remain separate before re-joining
the Meghna.
Muhuri River
Muhuri River (Bangla: মুহুরী Muhuri) one of the trans-boundary
rivers of Bangladesh. The river takes its rise on the
Lushai hills of Tripura in India and enters Bangladesh
through Parshuram upazila of Feni district after flowing
over the hilly regions of India. As such the river
is wild in nature and often causes flash floods. At
some places it demarcates the boundary between India
and Bangladesh and falls into the Bay of Bengal after
dividing the Feni and the Chittagong district.
The Muhuri is not wide enough and it is only 150 to 200
metres wide. But the width increases towards the sea.
Close to the sea, the river is under tidal influence.
There is a closure dam on the river about 4 km upstream
from the estuary for irrigation purpose and a 20-vent
regulator has also been constructed. During high tide,
the dam along with the regulator controls the influx
of saline water.
This river is also a line of contention between the two
neighbouring countries, India and Bangladesh. The border
of the two nation (India-Bangladesh) according to Indira
- Mujib treaty is defined as the mid of the river. There
is a huge and advanced dam in one side of it (this part
belongs to India, Belonia- Bankar area). Thus in the
rainy seasons the flood water cannot cause much disaster
in this portion, whereas most of the times it causes
a menace in the lower areas. In course of time the river
engulfed a huge area of Bangladesh provience, increasing
the boundary of Indian part. This is the main reason
of border dispute.
Naf River
Naf River (নাফ নদী) is a river marking the border of
Bangladesh and Myanmar. It is an elongated estuary
in the extreme southeast of Cox's Bazar district dividing
the district from Arakan, Myanmar. It rises in the
Arakan hills on the southeastern borders of the district
and flows into the Bay of Bengal. Its width varies
from 1.61 km to 3.22 km. The river is influenced by
tide. Akyab in Myanmar is on the eastern bank and Teknaf
upazila of Cox's Bazar district is on the western bank
of the river. The Naf River is deepest. Is average
depth is 128 feet (39 m) and maximum depth is 400 feet
(120 m).
Padma River
The Padma (Bengali: পদ্মা Pôdda) is a major trans-boundary
river in Bangladesh. It is the main distributary of
the Ganges (Bengali: গঙ্গা Gôngga), which originates
in the Himalaya. The Padma enters Bangladesh from India
near Chapai Nababganj. It meets the Jamuna (Bengali:
যমুনা Jomuna) near Aricha and retains its name, but
finally meets with the Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা) near
Chandpur and adopts the name 'Meghna' before flowing
into the Bay of Bengal. Rajshahi, a major city in western
Bangladesh, is situated on the north bank of the Padma.
Its maximum depth is 1,571 feet (479 m) and average
depth is 968 feet (295 m).
Punarbhaba River
The Punarbhaba (Bengali: পুনরভব নদী) is a river of Bangladesh
and West Bengal in India, of total length about 160
km and a width of 3–8 km. It originates from the lowlands
of Thakurgaon District. The river's upper part is a
few kilometres west of Atrai. It flows through Gangarampur
and Tapan community development blocks of Dakshin Dinajpur
district of West Bengal. After flowing to the south,
this river meets with the Dhepa River. Ultimately it
flows into the Ganges. The length of this river is
160 km (99 mi).
Pasur River
The Pusur River is a river in southwestern Bangladesh
and a tributary of the Ganges.
Shitalakshya River
Shitalakshya River (Bengali: শীতলক্ষ্যা নদী Shitalokkha
Nodi) (also known as Lakhya River) is a distributary
of the Brahmaputra. In its initial stages it flows
in a southwest direction and then east of the city
of Narayanganj in central Bangladesh until it merges
with the Dhaleswari near Kalagachhiya. A portion of
its upper course is known as Banar River. The river
is about 110 km long and at it widest, near Narayangani,
it is 300 meters in width. Its highest discharge has
been measured at 2,600 cusec at Demra. It remains navigable
year round. The river flows through Ghazipur forming
its border with Narsingdi for some distance and then
through Narayanganj. The river's maximum depth is 70
feet (21 m) and average depth is 33 feet (10 m). The
length of this river is 110 km (68 mi).
Surma River
The Surma River (Bengali: সুরমা নদী Shurma Nodi) is a
major river in Bangladesh, part of the Surma-Meghna
River System. It starts when the Barak River from northeast
India divides at the Bangladesh border into the Surma
and the Kushiyara rivers. It ends in Kishoreganj District,
above Bhairab Bazar, where the two rivers rejoin to
form the Meghna River. The waters from the river ultimately
flow into the Bay of Bengal. The average depth of river
is 282 feet (86 m) and maximum depth is 550 feet (170
m).
Teesta River
The River Teesta or Tista (Nepali: टिस्टा खोला TisTa
Khola, is said to be the lifeline of the Indian state
of Sikkim, flowing for almost the entire length of
the state and carving out verdant Himalayan temperate
and tropical river valleys. The emerald-coloured river
then forms the border between Sikkim and West Bengal
before joining the Brahmaputra as a tributary in Bangladesh.
The river originates from Cholamo Lake at an elevation
of 5,330 m (17,487 ft) above sea level in the Himalayas.
This lake lies to the north of the Donkia pass near
Shetschen, where the summit of the pass is about eight
kilometres north-east of Darjeeling.
The Teesta River is then fed by rivulets which arise
in the Thangu, Yumthang and Donkia-La ranges. The river
then flows past the town of Rangpo where it forms the
border between Sikkim and West Bengal up to Teesta Bazaar.
At Teesta Suspension Bridge, which joins Kalimpong with
Darjeeling, the river is met by its main tributary, the
Rangeet River. At this point, it changes course southwards
flowing entirely into West Bengal. The river hits the
plains at Sevoke, where it is spanned by the Coronation
Bridge which links the north east states to the rest
of India. The river then courses its way to Jalpaiguri
and then to Rangpur District of Bangladesh, before finally
merging with the mighty Brahmaputra at Fulcherry.
Titas River
Titas River (Bangla: তিতাস Titash) is a trans-boundary
river of south-eastern Bangladesh. It originates in
the state of Tripura in India where it is known as
Haora River in Bengali and Saidra in the local Kokborok
language. Flowing near Agartala, (India), it enters
Bangladesh through Akhaura Upazila in the Brahmanbaria
District of Bangladesh, then merges with the Meghna
River to the south near Ashuganj. The length of the
river is about 98 km. There is another river of the
same name which starts as a distributary of the Meghna
and flows back into it.
Turag River
The Turag River (Bengali: তুরাগ নদী Turag Nɔdī; IPA:
[T̪uraɡ Nɔd̪i]) is the upper tributary of the Buriganga,
a major river in Bangladesh. The Turag originates from
the Bangshi River, the latter an important tributary
of the Dhaleshwari River, flows through Gazipur and
joins the Buriganga at Mirpur in Dhaka District. It
is navigable by boat all year round.
Exemplifying the riverine character of Dhaka, the Turag
is abundant in fish but suffers from acute water pollution.
While attempts have been made to marginally widen the
river, the majority of industry has made little effort
to follow environmental law and the water has become
visibly discolored.
|